Friday, January 24, 2020
Latar Belakang :: Foreign Language Essays
Latar Belakang Kasus pembobolan Bank BNI menjadi isu yang mengejutkan masyarakat Indonesia di akhir tahun 2003, dimana Bank BNI mengalami kerugian sebesar Rp 1,7 triliun yang diduga terjadi karena adanya transaksi ekspor fiktif melalui surat Letter of Credit (disingkat L/C). Kasus ini menjadi fenomenal karena selain merugikan keuangan Bank BNI tetapi juga berimbas pada keuangan negara secara makro. A.     Profil Singkat Bank BNI Bank BNI didirikan pada tahun 1946. Perusahaan publik ini mayoritas sahamnya dimiliki oleh Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. Bank BNI merupakan bank terbesar nomor 3 di Indonesia setelah Bank Mandiri dan BCA dengan total aset pada tahun 2003 sebesar IDR. 131,49 triliun. Visi Menjadi Bank kebanggaan nasional yang unggul dalam layanan dan kinerja Misi Memaksimalkan stakeholder value dengan menyediakan solusi keuangan yang fokus pada segmen pasar korporasi, komersial dan konsumer Budaya Perusahaan 1.     BNI adalah bank umum berstatus perusahaan publik. 2.     BNI berorientasi kepada pasar dan pembangunan nasional. 3.     BNI secara terus menerus membina hubungan yang saling menguntungkan dengan nasabah dan mitra usaha. 4.     BNI mengakui peranan dan menghargai kepentingan pegawai. 5.     BNI mengupayakan terciptanya semangat kebersamaan agar pegawai melaksanakan tugas dan kewajiban secara profesional. B.     Ringkasan Kasus      Awal terbongkarnya kasus menghebohkan ini tatkala BNI melakukan audit internal pada bulan Agustus 2003. Dari audit itu diketahui bahwa ada posisi euro yang gila-gilaan besarnya, senilai 52 juta euro. Pergerakan posisi euro dalam jumlah besar mencurigakan karena peredaran euro di Indonesia terbatas dan kinerja euro yang sedang baik pada saat itu. Dari audit akhirnya diketahui ada pembukaan L/C yang amat besar dan negara bakal rugi lebih satu triliun rupiah. Penjelasan mengenai L/C fiktif BNI tersebut adalah sebagai berikut : -     Waktu kejadian : Juli 2002 s/d Agustus 2003 -     Opening Bank : Rosbank Switzerland, Dubai Bank Kenya Ltd, The Wall Street Banking Corp, dan Middle East Bank Kenya Ltd. -     Total Nilai L/C : USD.166,79 juta & EUR 56,77 juta atau sekitar Rp. 1,7 trilyun -     Beneficiary/Penerima L/C : 11 perusahaan dibawah Gramarindo Group dan 2 perusahaan dibawah Petindo Group -     Barang Ekspor : Pasir Kuarsa dan Minyak Residu -     Tujuan Ekspor : Congo dan Kenya -     Skim : Usance L/C Kronologi : 1.     Bank BNI Cabang Kebayoran Baru menerima 156 buah L/C dengan Issuing Bank : Rosbank Switzerland, Dubai Bank Kenya Ltd, The Wall Street Banking Corp, dan Middle East Bank Kenya Ltd. Oleh karena BNI belum mempunyai hubungan koresponden langsung dengan sebagian bank tersebut di atas, mereka memakai bank mediator yaitu American Express Bank dan Standard Chartered Bank. 2.     Beneficiary mengajukan permohonan diskonto wesel ekspor berjangka (kredit ekspor) atas L/C-L/C tersebut di atas kepada BNI dan disetujui oleh pihak BNI.
Thursday, January 16, 2020
Education in modern world Essay
Education is an important tool that is applied in the contemporary world to succeed, as it mitigates the challenges which are faced in life. The knowledge gained through education enables individuals’ potential to be optimally utilized owing to training of the human mind. This opens doors of opportunities enables individual to achieve better prospects in career growth. Education has played a paramount role in the modern industrial world. This is attributed to the fact prospective employees must be qualified adequately to perform various tasks effectively. Industries entail resources that are sufficiently equipped with the modern technology to suit the needs and wants of the society. This thus, makes education to become a norm for services in all industrial sectors. The primary skills and the ability to apply the skills is the basis for evaluating the market. The foundation of the society is based on education since it brings economic and social prosperity. Gaining education enhances an individual to live a respectful life in the society. This is because education offers a setting in which culture and values of a society are developed. In this respect, education in modern society provides a forum where the society examines its issues and identifies solutions. The advancement of a society both economically and socially is by gaining education which consequently enables them to run a modern society. Career wise, education is the foundation of developing individuals by providing knowledge regarding humanity the worldover. Individuals in the society acquire new approaches in life that build opinions on the economical and social life. Education enables the society to interpret the world around them rightly, innovating to new ways and means that conform to their environment. The current advancement in technology has been enhanced largely by education, as individuals are able to apply the skills acquired in real life leading to innovations. Employment in the contemporary world is based on education, as employees must possess the required skills that correspond with the current technology to perform their tasks. Prospective employees must be equipped with skill for them to cope with ever advancing technology in all industrial and agricultural sectors. Therefore, education has become a basic principle to measure the labor market on the basis of essential skills and the ability to appropriate them through suitable communication. Education has played a major role in the modern life to all individuals in the society. It has enabled societies to prosper both socially and economically by enabling them to develop common culture and values. It is through education that Technological advancement has been realized enabling communication and production of cost effective products and services to the society at large.
Wednesday, January 8, 2020
Ambiguity in English - 572 Words
Ambiguity in English Ambiguity refers to the ambiguous meanings of certain sentence or word in the written form or in the verbal form. Ambiguity is common in the natural language and is also one of the most important subjects for the investigation on language. It may hinder people from conducting a smooth communication since different people would interpret the sentence or word in different ways because of ambiguity. With the development and diversification of language, ambiguity is inevitable in most of the languages and English is no exception. From the perspective of semasiology, when a sentence or a word can be interpreted in two or more ways, there is an ambiguity. There are numerous of ambiguous structures and ambiguous sentences in English. Whenever people talk or write, they would like to try to make their ideas clearly expressed and understood, which make the investigation on the ambiguity necessary. Ambiguity is a unique language phenomenon, which is prevalent in many languages. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the creation and formation of ambiguity. In the daily life, people would choose to state their mind, convey their message, express their feelings and share their experience through different pronunciations, tones, intonations, vocabularies and grammatical structures. In the process of a communication, for certain need, people have to communicate their thought through with help of body language so as to be understood clearly, which helps to explainShow MoreRelatedWhat Distingishes Human and Animal Communication?1272 Words  | 5 Pagesthe same language. Human language Animal communication system Is descriptive and narrative Non descriptive and narrative Recurrent Repetitive Cognitive and behavioural Only behavioural Has grammatically Has no grammatically 2. State how modern English is being influenced by other languages. Support your answer with concrete examples. (5 marks) LANGUAGES, like cultures, are rarely sufficient unto themselves. It may move on the trade relations or it may consist of a borrowing or interchange of artRead MoreLanguage Paper1544 Words  | 7 PagesLanguage Paper Michelle Langmesser Psy-360 June 6, 2010 Eboni Sheilds Definition of Language â€Å"Many definitions of language have been suggested. An English Phonetician and language scholar, Henry Sweet stated, Language is the expression of ideas by means of speech-sounds combined into words. Words are combined into sentences, this combination answering to that of ideas into thoughts†(language, 2010). The American linguists George L. Trager and Bernard Bloch have the following definitionRead MoreThe Garden Path Effect1741 Words  | 7 Pagespsychology who studied the garden path effect is Lyn Frazier who is a Linguistics professor at the University of Massachusetts. His garden path model of syntactic parsing influenced many linguists in their studies about the lexical and syntactical ambiguity in our language. In his book â€Å"The sausage machine†, Frasier claims that the longer a sentence, the more grammatical rules needed to be applied. With each word added to a simple phrase, the structure of the sentence becomes more complicated and moreRead Mor eThe Legal And Un Language1483 Words  | 6 Pagespattern of writing of numerous levels, including: linguistic level (lexical, syntactic and textual), cultural level and speech acts. Both Arabic and English have their distinctive approaches in regarding the technicalities used with such documentary translation, necessitating the importance of mastering such techniques while translating from Arabic to English or vice versa. In this regard, translators of such legal and UN language find themselves restrained or somehow not completely free to useRead MoreJohn Barsad and Monsieur Defarge in A Tale of Two Cities Essay1003 Words  | 5 Pageshonor or revenge. As a result, ambiguity has evolved in multiple characters because of these difficult choices. Two prominently ambiguous characters are John Barsad and Monsieur Defarge. While Barsad recognizes the importance of career and honor, Defarge sees more prominence in family and revenge. John Barsad’s ambiguity is demonstrated by two contrasting qualities: devotion to his job as a spy and neglect for his family. His devotion to his job as an English spy causes him to appear as a heroicRead MoreStatutory Interpretation And The Human Rights Act1739 Words  | 7 PagesBoth statutory interpretation and the Human Rights Act are a doctrine of precedent by which law is changed and justice is served. The doctrine of precedent is an essential principle of English legal system, which is a form of reasoning, interpreting and decision making formed by case law. It suggests that precedents not only have persuasive authority but must also be shadowed when similar situations arise. Any rule or principle declared by a higher court must be followed in future cases. In shortRead MoreWhat Is The Problem Of Vowel From The Vowel Chart?930 Words  | 4 Pagesto ambiguities like the decision in between [e], [É›], and [É ª] in the word â€Å"urge†, or the deciding w hether the second vowel in â€Å"cups†really was a [Éâ€]. However, once the presence of [ʉ] in â€Å"gold†, which was made present after the formant chart was drawn, enabled us to reject both Hungarian and Uzbek. The decision to reject Uzbek was made stronger when we discovered the presence of certain vowels, [Éâ€] and [à ¸], that were not present in the phonological inventory of Uzbek. However some ambiguity stillRead MoreEssay on U214 Tma011165 Words  | 5 PagesLate Modern English, a global language spoken around the world by over 2 billion people can trace its roots to the Germanic language introduced by Anglo-Saxon invaders in the 5th century. Before the arrival of the Anglo Saxons, many parts of Britain were bilingual Celtic-Latin speakers, although very few traces of Celtic remain in the English language – other than in place names, for example Avon and Ouse – which derive from the Celtic word for ‘water’, and words foun d more in local dialects thanRead MoreThe Frozen Patterns Of Language1665 Words  | 7 Pagessentences are the opening of this contracts such as Ø ¨Ã˜ ¹Ã˜ ¯ Ø Ù…Ø ¯ Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€žÃ™â€¡ ÙˆØ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ µÃ™â€žÃ˜ §Ã˜ © ÙˆØ §Ã™â€žÃ˜ ³Ã™â€žÃ˜ §Ã™â€¦-Ø ¹Ã™â€žÃ™Å Ø ±Ã˜ ³Ã™Ë†Ã™â€ž Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€žÃ™â€¡ â€Å"After praising God and prayer and peace be upon His Messenger†(2015, p.60). In this example, the word Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™â€žÃ™â€¡ is repeated. Unlike Arabic version, in the English translation â€Å"His†is a pronoun used instead of the word â€Å"God†. 2.2.3. Formal Words Formal words, according to El-Farahaty, is a style of language where formality exists widely in forms of political contexts and â€Å"honorary titles†(2015, p.62). ForRead MoreChinua Achebe s Things Fall Apart Essay1347 Words  | 6 Pagesdelivering a message adequately. Achebe’s Things Fall Apart is structured in fluent English, quality vocabulary and professional self-expression. However, Achebe enhances artistic qualities in his novel to help the reader understand the drive behind Things Fall Apart. Achebe’s background of inaugural grounding in Igbo (speech, written) as the imperative language of instruction in education together with an introduction to English at the age of eight gives him the powerful blend of the two cultures. For instance
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